SELF STUDY

  The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a law enforcement agency of the United States government that operates under the jurisdiction of the Department of Justice. The FBI's mission is to protect and defend the United States against terrorism and foreign intelligence threats, to uphold and enforce the criminal laws of the United States, and to provide leadership and criminal justice services to federal, state, municipal, and international agencies and partners. The FBI's responsibilities include investigating a wide range of criminal activities, such as terrorism, cybercrime, public corruption, white-collar crime, organized crime, and violent crime. The FBI also plays a critical role in intelligence gathering and analysis, both domestically and internationally, in order to detect and prevent threats to national security. To accomplish its mission, the FBI employs a range of investigative and intelligence-gathering techniques, including undercover operations, electronic s

  The world economy refers to the global system of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, as well as the interactions between the various national and regional economies that make up the global economic system. The world economy is a complex and dynamic system that is influenced by a wide range of factors, including global trade policies, technological advancements, geopolitical developments, and natural resource availability. The world economy is generally measured using a number of different indicators, including gross domestic product (GDP), unemployment rates, inflation, and trade balances. The world's largest economies include the United States, China, Japan, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Over the past few decades, the world economy has undergone significant changes, with the emergence of new economic powers such as China and India, the growth of international trade and investment, and the increasing importance of technology and information as driv

  ransport Movement of goods and services can be over three important domains of our earth i.e. land, water and air. Based on these, transport can also be classified into the land, water and air transport. Let’s discuss them in detail: Roadways India has one of the largest road networks in the world, aggregating to about 54.7 lakh km. The growing importance of road transport over rail transport is mentioned below: The construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines. Roads can cover more geographically harder locations that cannot be done by the railways. Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and can be easily built-in traverse mountains such as the Himalayas. Road transport is economical. It also provides door-to-door service Road transport provides links between railway stations, air and seaports. In India, roads are classified in the following six classes according to their capacity. Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways Golden Quadrilateral is a network of

  Chemical substances containing carbon are referred to as carbon compounds. Except for hydrogen, there are more carbon compounds than any other chemical element. Compounds of carbon with double bonds and triple bonds are called as unsaturated compounds while those with carbon-carbon single bonds are called saturated compounds. 57,381 Covalent Bonding Difficulty of Carbon to Form a Stable Ion To achieve the electronic configuration of the nearest noble gas, He, if the carbon atom loses four of its valence electrons, a huge amount of energy is involved. C 4+  ion hence formed will be highly unstable due to the presence of six protons and two electrons. If the carbon atom gains four electrons to achieve the nearest electronic configuration of the noble gas, Ne, C 4−  ion will be formed. But again, a huge amount of energy is required. Moreover, in C 4+  ion it is difficult for 6 protons to hold 10 electrons. Hence, to satisfy its tetravalency, carbon shares all four of its valence electro